World COPD Day: Why NRT Is Crucial for Tobacco Users Trying to Quit

As the world observes World COPD Day, pulmonologists are urging stronger action against tobacco use.

The leading cause of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Dr Kunal Kumar, a senior pulmonologist from Uttarakhand, highlights that both smoking and chewing tobacco significantly increase the risk of developing the progressive lung condition.

COPD, marked by breathlessness, chronic cough and excess mucus, often worsens with long-term tobacco exposure. The World Health Organization estimates that tobacco accounts for over 70% of COPD cases in developed countries. In India too, despite the added risks of air pollution and occupational hazards, smoking remains the primary trigger. Studies also show that the more years a person smokes, the faster their lung function declines — even after quitting.

In urban centres with high pollution levels, Dr Kumar notes that COPD often goes undiagnosed. Many people ignore early signs such as persistent cough or fatigue, assuming they are minor issues. By the time they seek help, lung damage is already substantial.

This year’s theme, “Short of Breath? Think COPD,” places a spotlight on early detection and modern cessation therapies. Dr Kumar stresses that quitting tobacco is not simply a matter of willpower because nicotine addiction is physiological, and structured medical support greatly improves success rates.

One of the most effective clinically proven treatments is Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT). Available as patches, gums and lozenges, NRT delivers controlled doses of nicotine without the harmful chemicals found in tobacco. When combined with counselling, it can double the chances of quitting successfully.

“NRT, under professional supervision, helps people overcome withdrawal and significantly reduces relapse,” says Dr Kunal Kumar of Swami Bhoomanand Hospital. “It remains a first-line therapy in India’s tobacco cessation guidelines, and dual-form NRT — using patches along with gum or lozenges — can improve results even further.”

As India battles rising COPD cases, experts underline that the first step towards prevention is addressing tobacco dependence — with compassion, medical guidance and evidence-based tools like NRT.